USMLE (United States Medical Licensing Examination) Step 1 Practice Exam

Which type of pain is commonly associated with E.C.T.O.P.I.C. causes?

1. Back pain

2. Headache

3. Pelvic pain

4. Abdominal pain

The correct answer is: Pelvic pain

The correct answer is pelvic pain, which is commonly associated with ectopic pregnancies. Ectopic pregnancies occur when a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, often in a fallopian tube. As the pregnancy progresses in this abnormal location, it can lead to stretching, irritation, and potential rupture of the surrounding tissues, which typically presents as sharp or cramping pelvic pain. This pain may be accompanied by other symptoms such as vaginal bleeding, but the hallmark is the unilateral or bilateral pelvic discomfort. The other options, while they can represent pain from various conditions, are not classically linked to ectopic pregnancies. Back pain might arise from musculoskeletal issues but is not specific to ectopic causes. Headaches can have multiple etiologies and do not directly connect to ectopic pregnancies. Abdominal pain may also be present, especially if there is significant internal bleeding or if the ectopic pregnancy causes referred pain; however, pelvic pain is more directly associated with the condition itself. Hence, pelvic pain is the most appropriate answer in the context of ectopic causes.