USMLE (United States Medical Licensing Examination) Step 1 Practice Exam

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Which translocation, t(8;14), is associated with which type of lymphoma characterized by c-myc activation and rapid cell proliferation?

  1. Burkitt lymphoma

  2. Follicular lymphoma

  3. Mantle cell lymphoma

  4. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

The correct answer is: Burkitt lymphoma

The translocation involving chromosomes 8 and 14, specifically t(8;14), is a hallmark of Burkitt lymphoma. This genetic alteration leads to the activation of the c-myc oncogene, which results in uncontrolled cell proliferation. Burkitt lymphoma is characterized by a very aggressive course and is most commonly seen in children but can also occur in adults. The c-myc gene, when overexpressed due to its juxtaposition to the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus on chromosome 14, drives the rapid division of B-lymphoid cells. This aggressive proliferation is a key characteristic of Burkitt lymphoma, distinguishing it from other types of lymphomas. While other lymphomas mentioned are associated with different genetic changes and pathways, Burkitt lymphoma's association with c-myc activation is particularly significant in its pathology and clinical presentation.

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