USMLE (United States Medical Licensing Examination) Step 1 Practice Exam

What condition is considered the most common cause of pelvic pain?

1. Endometriosis

2. Ectopic pregnancy

3. Cystitis/pyelonephritis

4. Tubo-ovarian abscess

The correct answer is: Ectopic pregnancy

Pelvic pain is a common symptom experienced by many women and can often have multiple causes. While options A, C, and D can all potentially cause pelvic pain, ectopic pregnancy is the most common cause. Endometriosis is a chronic condition that causes tissue similar to the lining of the uterus to grow outside of the uterus, which can cause pelvic pain. Cystitis/pyelonephritis is an infection of the bladder or kidneys, which can also cause pelvic pain. A tubo-ovarian abscess is a collection of pus that forms in the ovaries and fallopian tubes and can cause pelvic pain. However, ectopic pregnancy, which is when a fertilized egg implants outside of the uterus, is the most common cause of pelvic pain. It is important for women experiencing pelvic pain to seek medical attention to determine the underlying cause and receive appropriate treatment.